ABOUT ADIPOSITY
Adipose tissue is connective tissue formed by many adipose cells (adipocytes), which act as a storage unit for fatty acids, insulate the body (temperature regulation), and cushion organs (from external forces). It also plays many different regulatory roles, such as in energy balance (releasing fatty acids to provide energy), insulin metabolism, glucose metabolism, immune function, blood pressure control, endocrine (releasing hormones like leptin), and much more! Adipose tissue is essential in the normal functioning of the body; without enough adipose tissue, metabolic issues may arise. On the contrary, too much of certain types of adipose tissue (white adipose tissue- visceral fat) also has poor health implications, such as diabetes.
Types of Adipose Tissue
There are two primary types of adipose tissue: brown and white adipose tissue.
Brown Adipose Tissue
- Majorly found in infants, but is also found in some areas in adults
- This type of fat decreases with age
- Found:
- Around kidneys
- Back of neck
- Interscapular region (newborns)
- Function:
- Stores fat for its own energy needs
- Thermogenesis- produces heat by burning fat
White Adipose Tissue
- The main type in humans
- Functions:
- Stores energy (triglycerides)
- Insulation
- Endocrine role
- Regulates metabolism of:
- Glucose
- Fatty acids
- Lipoproteins
- Cholesterol
Includes:
- Subcutaneous fat (superficial)
- Located just below the skin
- Visceral fat (internal/omental/intra-abdominal)
- Located around internal organs